Publication [J.07]
Karambas, Th.V. and Samaras, A.G. (2014). Soft shore protection methods: The use of advanced numerical models in the evaluation of beach nourishment. Ocean Engineering, 92, pp.129-136, DOI. (PDF*)
beach nourishment •• wave dynamics •• coastal morphology •• coastal scale
Abstract
Beach nourishment is one of the most common soft shore methods worldwide. However, the design of these projects is usually based on empirical equations and rules, leaving large margins of error regarding their expected efficiency. In the present work, an advanced wave and sediment transport numerical model is developed and tested in the evaluation of beach nourishment. Non-linear wave transformation in the surf and swash zone is computed by a non-linear breaking wave model based on the higher order Boussinesq equations, for breaking and non-breaking waves. The new Camenen and Larson (2007) transport rate formula for non-cohesive sediments (involving unsteady aspects of the sand transport phenomenon) is adopted for estimating the sheet flow sediment transport rates, as well as the bed load and suspended load over ripples. Suspended sediment transport rate is incorporated by solving the 2DH depth-integrated transport equation. Model results are compared with experimental data of both profile (cross-shore) and planform morphology evolution; the agreement between the two is considered to be quite satisfactory.
Beach nourishment is one of the most common soft shore methods worldwide. However, the design of these projects is usually based on empirical equations and rules, leaving large margins of error regarding their expected efficiency. In the present work, an advanced wave and sediment transport numerical model is developed and tested in the evaluation of beach nourishment. Non-linear wave transformation in the surf and swash zone is computed by a non-linear breaking wave model based on the higher order Boussinesq equations, for breaking and non-breaking waves. The new Camenen and Larson (2007) transport rate formula for non-cohesive sediments (involving unsteady aspects of the sand transport phenomenon) is adopted for estimating the sheet flow sediment transport rates, as well as the bed load and suspended load over ripples. Suspended sediment transport rate is incorporated by solving the 2DH depth-integrated transport equation. Model results are compared with experimental data of both profile (cross-shore) and planform morphology evolution; the agreement between the two is considered to be quite satisfactory.
Works that reference this work
[20] Sauvé, P. (2022). Identification et développement d'ouvrages de protection côtière pour augmenter la résilience des communautés côtières dans un contexte de changements climatiques. PhD Thesis, Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Canada, p.250. (Link)
[19] Karambas, T.V. and Nicolidakis, S. (2022). Numerical Modeling of Vegetation Effects on Coastal Protection against Flooding and Erosion. Proc. of the 39th IAHR World Congress, Granada, Spain, June 19-24, 2022, pp.5897-5902, DOI.
[18] Lopez-Garcia, P., Muñoz-Perez, J.J., Contreras, A., Vidal, J., Jigena, B., Santos, J.J., Romero, J. and Contreras, F. (2021). Error on the Estimation of Sand Size Parameters When Using Small Diameter Sieves and a Solution. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 738479, DOI.
[17] Carpi, L., Bicenio, M., Mucerino, L. and Ferrari, M. (2021). Detached breakwaters, yes or not? A modelling approach to evaluate and plan their removal. Ocean & Coastal Management, 210, 105668, DOI.
[16] Guo, J., Shi, L., Pan, S., Ye, Q., Cheng, W., Chang, Y. and Chen, S. (2020). Monitoring and evaluation of sand nourishments on an embayed beach exposed to frequent storms in eastern China. Ocean & Coastal Management, 195, 105284, DOI.
[15] Roelvink, D., Huisman, B., Elghandour, A., Ghonim, M. and Reyns, J. (2020). Efficient Modeling of Complex Sandy Coastal Evolution at Monthly to Century Time Scales. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, 535, DOI.
[14] Jóia Santos, C., Andriolo, U. and Ferreira, J.C. (2020). Shoreline Response to a Sandy Nourishment in a Wave-Dominated Coast Using Video Monitoring. Water, 12 (6), 1632, DOI.
[13] Escudero, M., Mendoza, E. and Silva, R. (2020). Micro sand engine beach stabilization strategy at Puerto Morelos, Mexico. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 8 (4), 247, DOI.
[12] Karasu, S., Kankal, M., Nacar, S., Uzlu, E. and Yüksek, Ö. (2020). Prediction of parameters which affect beach nourishment performance using MARS, TLBO, and conventional regression techniques. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences, 36, pp.245-260, DOI.
[11] Poullet, P., Muñoz-Perez, J.J., Lopez, P., García-Lopez, S., Martell, R., Silva, R. and Moreno, L. (2019). Sand size variability inside the hopper of a trailing suction dredger for beach nourishment purposes. Geo-Marine Letters, 39, pp.513-520, DOI.
[10] Huisman, B., Walstra, D.-J., Radermacher, M., de Schipper, M. and Ruessink, G. (2019). Observations and modelling of shoreface nourishment behaviour. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 7 (3), 59, DOI.
[09] Huisman, B. (2019). On the redistribution and sorting of sand at nourishments. PhD Thesis, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, p.149, DOI.
[08] Gad, F.-K., Hatiris, G.-A., Loukaidi, V., Dimitriadou, S., Drakopoulou, P., Sioulas, A. and Kapsimalis, V. (2018). Long-Term Shoreline Displacements and Coastal Morphodynamic Pattern of North Rhodes Island, Greece. Water, 10 (7), 849, DOI.
[07] Klonaris, G.T., Memos, C.D., Drønen, N.K. and Deigaard, R. (2018). Simulating 2DH coastal morphodynamics with a Boussinesq-type model. Coastal Engineering Journal, 60 (2), pp.159-179, DOI.
[06] Bahgat, M. (2018). Optimum use of dredged materials for sustainable shoreline management in Nile Delta. Water Science, 32 (1), pp.115-128, DOI.
[05] You, X. and Tang, J. (2017). Phenomena and characteristics of barrier river reaches in the middle and lower Yangtze River, China. Journal of Earth System Science, 126 (4), 61, DOI.
[04] Kim, M., You, S., Chon, J. and Lee, J. (2017). Sustainable land-use planning to improve the coastal resilience of the Social-Ecological Landscape. Sustainability, 9 (7), 1086, DOI.
[03] Orlando, L., Contini, P. and De Girolamo, P. (2017). Seismic scattering attribute for sedimentary classification of nearshore marine quarries for a major beach nourishment project: Case study of Adriatic coastline, Regione Abruzzo (Italy). Journal of Applied Geophysics, 141, pp.1-12, DOI.
[02] Dimova, L. and Raykova, R. (2016). Observations and modeling of tsunamis in the Eastern Mediterranean (Review). Annual of Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Faculty of Physics, 109, pp.24-41. (Link)
[01] Callaway, J.M., Naswa, P., Trærup, S.L. and Bakkegaard, R.K. (2016). The Economics of Adaptation: Concepts, Methods and Examples. UNEP DTU Partnership: Copenhagen, p.168. (Link)
[20] Sauvé, P. (2022). Identification et développement d'ouvrages de protection côtière pour augmenter la résilience des communautés côtières dans un contexte de changements climatiques. PhD Thesis, Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Canada, p.250. (Link)
[19] Karambas, T.V. and Nicolidakis, S. (2022). Numerical Modeling of Vegetation Effects on Coastal Protection against Flooding and Erosion. Proc. of the 39th IAHR World Congress, Granada, Spain, June 19-24, 2022, pp.5897-5902, DOI.
[18] Lopez-Garcia, P., Muñoz-Perez, J.J., Contreras, A., Vidal, J., Jigena, B., Santos, J.J., Romero, J. and Contreras, F. (2021). Error on the Estimation of Sand Size Parameters When Using Small Diameter Sieves and a Solution. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 738479, DOI.
[17] Carpi, L., Bicenio, M., Mucerino, L. and Ferrari, M. (2021). Detached breakwaters, yes or not? A modelling approach to evaluate and plan their removal. Ocean & Coastal Management, 210, 105668, DOI.
[16] Guo, J., Shi, L., Pan, S., Ye, Q., Cheng, W., Chang, Y. and Chen, S. (2020). Monitoring and evaluation of sand nourishments on an embayed beach exposed to frequent storms in eastern China. Ocean & Coastal Management, 195, 105284, DOI.
[15] Roelvink, D., Huisman, B., Elghandour, A., Ghonim, M. and Reyns, J. (2020). Efficient Modeling of Complex Sandy Coastal Evolution at Monthly to Century Time Scales. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, 535, DOI.
[14] Jóia Santos, C., Andriolo, U. and Ferreira, J.C. (2020). Shoreline Response to a Sandy Nourishment in a Wave-Dominated Coast Using Video Monitoring. Water, 12 (6), 1632, DOI.
[13] Escudero, M., Mendoza, E. and Silva, R. (2020). Micro sand engine beach stabilization strategy at Puerto Morelos, Mexico. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 8 (4), 247, DOI.
[12] Karasu, S., Kankal, M., Nacar, S., Uzlu, E. and Yüksek, Ö. (2020). Prediction of parameters which affect beach nourishment performance using MARS, TLBO, and conventional regression techniques. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences, 36, pp.245-260, DOI.
[11] Poullet, P., Muñoz-Perez, J.J., Lopez, P., García-Lopez, S., Martell, R., Silva, R. and Moreno, L. (2019). Sand size variability inside the hopper of a trailing suction dredger for beach nourishment purposes. Geo-Marine Letters, 39, pp.513-520, DOI.
[10] Huisman, B., Walstra, D.-J., Radermacher, M., de Schipper, M. and Ruessink, G. (2019). Observations and modelling of shoreface nourishment behaviour. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 7 (3), 59, DOI.
[09] Huisman, B. (2019). On the redistribution and sorting of sand at nourishments. PhD Thesis, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, p.149, DOI.
[08] Gad, F.-K., Hatiris, G.-A., Loukaidi, V., Dimitriadou, S., Drakopoulou, P., Sioulas, A. and Kapsimalis, V. (2018). Long-Term Shoreline Displacements and Coastal Morphodynamic Pattern of North Rhodes Island, Greece. Water, 10 (7), 849, DOI.
[07] Klonaris, G.T., Memos, C.D., Drønen, N.K. and Deigaard, R. (2018). Simulating 2DH coastal morphodynamics with a Boussinesq-type model. Coastal Engineering Journal, 60 (2), pp.159-179, DOI.
[06] Bahgat, M. (2018). Optimum use of dredged materials for sustainable shoreline management in Nile Delta. Water Science, 32 (1), pp.115-128, DOI.
[05] You, X. and Tang, J. (2017). Phenomena and characteristics of barrier river reaches in the middle and lower Yangtze River, China. Journal of Earth System Science, 126 (4), 61, DOI.
[04] Kim, M., You, S., Chon, J. and Lee, J. (2017). Sustainable land-use planning to improve the coastal resilience of the Social-Ecological Landscape. Sustainability, 9 (7), 1086, DOI.
[03] Orlando, L., Contini, P. and De Girolamo, P. (2017). Seismic scattering attribute for sedimentary classification of nearshore marine quarries for a major beach nourishment project: Case study of Adriatic coastline, Regione Abruzzo (Italy). Journal of Applied Geophysics, 141, pp.1-12, DOI.
[02] Dimova, L. and Raykova, R. (2016). Observations and modeling of tsunamis in the Eastern Mediterranean (Review). Annual of Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Faculty of Physics, 109, pp.24-41. (Link)
[01] Callaway, J.M., Naswa, P., Trærup, S.L. and Bakkegaard, R.K. (2016). The Economics of Adaptation: Concepts, Methods and Examples. UNEP DTU Partnership: Copenhagen, p.168. (Link)
Author's works that reference this work
[J.24] Triantafyllou, I., Agalos, A., Samaras, A.G., Karambas, Th.V. and Papadopoulos, G. (2024). Strong earthquakes and tsunami potential in the Hellenic Subduction Zone. Journal of Geodynamics, 159, 102021, DOI.
[J.23] Samaras, A.G. and Karambas, Th.V. (2024). Simulating erosive and accretive conditions in the swash: Applications of a nonlinear wave and morphology evolution model. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 12 (1), 140, DOI.
[J.21] Samaras, A.G. and Karambas, Th.V. (2021). Modelling the impact of climate change on coastal flooding: Implications for coastal structures design. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 9 (9), 1008, DOI.
[J.20] Samaras A.G. and Karambas, Th.V. (2021). Numerical simulation of ship-borne waves using a 2DH post-Boussinesq model. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 89, pp.1547-1556, DOI.
[J.16] Bonaldo, D., Antonioli, F, Archetti, R., ... ..., Samaras, A.G., Scicchitano, G. and Carniel, S. (2019). Integrating multidisciplinary instruments for assessing coastal vulnerability to erosion and sea level rise: lessons and challenges from the Adriatic Sea, Italy. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 23 (1), pp.19-37, DOI.
[J.15] Karambas, Th.V. and Samaras, A.G. (2017). An integrated numerical model for the design of coastal protection structures. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 5 (4), 50, DOI.
[J.13] Samaras, A.G., Gaeta, M.G., Miquel, A.M. and Archetti, R. (2016). High resolution wave and hydrodynamics modelling in coastal areas: operational applications for coastal planning, decision support and assessment. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 16 (6), pp.1499-1518, DOI.
[J.12] Samaras, A.G., Karambas, Th.V. and Archetti R. (2015). Simulation of tsunami generation, propagation and coastal inundation in the Eastern Mediterranean. Ocean Science, 11 (4), pp.643-655, DOI.
[J.24] Triantafyllou, I., Agalos, A., Samaras, A.G., Karambas, Th.V. and Papadopoulos, G. (2024). Strong earthquakes and tsunami potential in the Hellenic Subduction Zone. Journal of Geodynamics, 159, 102021, DOI.
[J.23] Samaras, A.G. and Karambas, Th.V. (2024). Simulating erosive and accretive conditions in the swash: Applications of a nonlinear wave and morphology evolution model. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 12 (1), 140, DOI.
[J.21] Samaras, A.G. and Karambas, Th.V. (2021). Modelling the impact of climate change on coastal flooding: Implications for coastal structures design. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 9 (9), 1008, DOI.
[J.20] Samaras A.G. and Karambas, Th.V. (2021). Numerical simulation of ship-borne waves using a 2DH post-Boussinesq model. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 89, pp.1547-1556, DOI.
[J.16] Bonaldo, D., Antonioli, F, Archetti, R., ... ..., Samaras, A.G., Scicchitano, G. and Carniel, S. (2019). Integrating multidisciplinary instruments for assessing coastal vulnerability to erosion and sea level rise: lessons and challenges from the Adriatic Sea, Italy. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 23 (1), pp.19-37, DOI.
[J.15] Karambas, Th.V. and Samaras, A.G. (2017). An integrated numerical model for the design of coastal protection structures. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 5 (4), 50, DOI.
[J.13] Samaras, A.G., Gaeta, M.G., Miquel, A.M. and Archetti, R. (2016). High resolution wave and hydrodynamics modelling in coastal areas: operational applications for coastal planning, decision support and assessment. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 16 (6), pp.1499-1518, DOI.
[J.12] Samaras, A.G., Karambas, Th.V. and Archetti R. (2015). Simulation of tsunami generation, propagation and coastal inundation in the Eastern Mediterranean. Ocean Science, 11 (4), pp.643-655, DOI.
